NASA selects United Launch Alliance to provide upper stage for Artemis IV and V

The exploration upper stage needed to be replaced due to 'eroding cost and schedule delays.'
UPDATED MAR 9, 2026
A ULA Vulcan rocket lifts off from Space Launch Complex-41 on Aug. 12 on its first U.S. national security mission, known as USSF-106, for the U.S. Space Force Space Systems Command (Representative Cover Image Source: Flickr | ULA)
A ULA Vulcan rocket lifts off from Space Launch Complex-41 on Aug. 12 on its first U.S. national security mission, known as USSF-106, for the U.S. Space Force Space Systems Command (Representative Cover Image Source: Flickr | ULA)

NASA has awarded a sole-source contract to United Launch Alliance for the development of a dedicated upper stage for Artemis IV and V, a procurement filing published on March 6, 2026, states. This news comes on the heels of the recommendations of the Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel (ASAP), which suggested changes to the Artemis program's architecture. NASA subsequently made changes to the program and expressed its desire to make incremental progress in line with historical frameworks of Apollo missions. 

SLS rocket’s various configurations (Representative Image Source: NASA)
SLS rocket’s various configurations (Image Source: NASA)

According to the filing, this decision appears to take a path of least resistance. “All other alternative solutions fail to meet the performance requirements, would require significant modifications to hardware that is still under-development, or would require the development of new hardware that does not currently exist,” the filing read. Before the shake-up of its Artemis plans, NASA had intended to make use of an Exploration Upper Stage for the Block 1B configuration of its SLS rocket for Artemis IV and V. 

Exploration Upper Stage schematic details. (Representative Image Source: NASA; Edited by Starlust Staff)
Exploration Upper Stage schematic details. (Image Source: NASA; Edited by Starlust Staff)

EUS was to be an upgrade to the Interim Cryogenic Propulsion Stage used in the Block 1 configuration for Artemis I, II, and III for taking heavier payloads to the Moon. Boeing would have been the partner responsible for the development of EUS, and while they have had a part in the Starliner debacle, it appears to have no bearing on this change of plan. The mention of this 'Type A mishap' in the ASAP report was plentiful though, and this would not have filled management with confidence about a timely delivery of the EUS before Artemis IV, planned for 2028. 

NASA’s SLS Mega Rocket with the ICPS, using fuel to power the RL10 engine. (Image Source: NASA| Photo by NASA/Kevin O’Brien)
NASA’s SLS Mega Rocket with the ICPS, using fuel to power the RL10 engine. (Image Source: NASA | Kevin O’Brien)

The ICPS for Artemis I, II, and III is itself a modified Delta cryogenic second stage, an upper stage used on ULA's Delta IV family of rockets, which has since been retired in favor of the newer fleet of Vulcan rockets. The current contract requires ULA to build three upper stages (two for flights and one as a spare) that will offer increased power to deliver humans to the Moon. These upper stages will be based on the already-existing Centaur V upper stage of the Vulcan rocket, a fact the filing noted as a contributing factor in the decision. 

Exploded view of a ULA Vulcan rocket, the Centaur is shown in the middle with its RL10 engines (same engine part of ICPS) (Representative Image Source: ULA)
A detailed view of a ULA Vulcan rocket, the Centaur is shown in the middle with its RL10 engines. (Image Source: ULA)

These changes form the steps that NASA is taking to increase the frequency with which it can make launches, commonly referred to as launch cadence. During the press conference on February 27, 2026, NASA Associate Administrator Amit Kshatriya went on to say, “We want to fly the landing missions in as close to the same Earth ascent configuration as possible—this means using an upper stage and pad systems in as close to the ‘Block 1’ configuration as possible." The changes announced in the press conference gave Artemis III a new role within the program: as an intermediate test mission rather than the first lunar landing of humans in more than 50 years.

More on Starlust

Build, buy or outsource? NASA recalibrates its acquisition strategy in the 2025 safety report

All hands on deck: The international collaboration behind Artemis II's SLS rocket and Orion capsule

MORE STORIES

The Jeff Bezos-owned company will be able to launch the New Glenn rocket again only after getting its final report and potential corrective measures approved by the FAA.
3 hours ago
The Office of Inspector General warns that the next-gen spacesuits may not be ready for demonstrations before 2031.
7 hours ago
The core stage of the SLS Moon rocket will travel to NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, where it will undergo vertical integration.
10 hours ago
China delays the launch of the next mission to its orbital outpost as well, using the Shenzhou-23.
1 day ago
Despite smooth booster touchdown, NG-3 fails to deploy AST's Bluebird 7 payload into correct orbit.
1 day ago
As they interacted with the media, the crew members of the Artemis II mission also talked about how they were supported on the mission by mental health professionals.
4 days ago
“If you had given us the keys to the lander, we would have taken it down and landed on the Moon.”
4 days ago
The Denver-based company will select its own astronauts for what will be the seventh private mission to the ISS.
5 days ago
The Starship upper stage also went through its first full-duration static fire test on April 14.
5 days ago
The third New Glenn mission, dubbed NG-3, is expected to launch massive broadband satellites into low Earth orbit.
6 days ago