NASA selects United Launch Alliance to provide upper stage for Artemis IV and V

The exploration upper stage needed to be replaced due to 'eroding cost and schedule delays.'
A ULA Vulcan rocket lifts off from Space Launch Complex-41 on Aug. 12 on its first U.S. national security mission, known as USSF-106, for the U.S. Space Force Space Systems Command (Representative Cover Image Source: Flickr | ULA)
A ULA Vulcan rocket lifts off from Space Launch Complex-41 on Aug. 12 on its first U.S. national security mission, known as USSF-106, for the U.S. Space Force Space Systems Command (Representative Cover Image Source: Flickr | ULA)

NASA has awarded a sole-source contract to United Launch Alliance for the development of a dedicated upper stage for Artemis IV and V, a procurement filing published on March 6, 2026, states. This news comes on the heels of the recommendations of the Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel (ASAP), which suggested changes to the Artemis program's architecture. NASA subsequently made changes to the program and expressed its desire to make incremental progress in line with historical frameworks of Apollo missions. 

SLS rocket’s various configurations (Representative Image Source: NASA)
SLS rocket’s various configurations (Image Source: NASA)

According to the filing, this decision appears to take a path of least resistance. “All other alternative solutions fail to meet the performance requirements, would require significant modifications to hardware that is still under-development, or would require the development of new hardware that does not currently exist,” the filing read. Before the shake-up of its Artemis plans, NASA had intended to make use of an Exploration Upper Stage for the Block 1B configuration of its SLS rocket for Artemis IV and V. 

Exploration Upper Stage schematic details. (Representative Image Source: NASA; Edited by Starlust Staff)
Exploration Upper Stage schematic details. (Image Source: NASA; Edited by Starlust Staff)

EUS was to be an upgrade to the Interim Cryogenic Propulsion Stage used in the Block 1 configuration for Artemis I, II, and III for taking heavier payloads to the Moon. Boeing would have been the partner responsible for the development of EUS, and while they have had a part in the Starliner debacle, it appears to have no bearing on this change of plan. The mention of this 'Type A mishap' in the ASAP report was plentiful though, and this would not have filled management with confidence about a timely delivery of the EUS before Artemis IV, planned for 2028. 

NASA’s SLS Mega Rocket with the ICPS, using fuel to power the RL10 engine. (Image Source: NASA| Photo by NASA/Kevin O’Brien)
NASA’s SLS Mega Rocket with the ICPS, using fuel to power the RL10 engine. (Image Source: NASA | Kevin O’Brien)

The ICPS for Artemis I, II, and III is itself a modified Delta cryogenic second stage, an upper stage used on ULA's Delta IV family of rockets, which has since been retired in favor of the newer fleet of Vulcan rockets. The current contract requires ULA to build three upper stages (two for flights and one as a spare) that will offer increased power to deliver humans to the Moon. These upper stages will be based on the already-existing Centaur V upper stage of the Vulcan rocket, a fact the filing noted as a contributing factor in the decision. 

Exploded view of a ULA Vulcan rocket, the Centaur is shown in the middle with its RL10 engines (same engine part of ICPS) (Representative Image Source: ULA)
A detailed view of a ULA Vulcan rocket, the Centaur is shown in the middle with its RL10 engines. (Image Source: ULA)

These changes form the steps that NASA is taking to increase the frequency with which it can make launches, commonly referred to as launch cadence. During the press conference on February 27, 2026, NASA Associate Administrator Amit Kshatriya went on to say, “We want to fly the landing missions in as close to the same Earth ascent configuration as possible—this means using an upper stage and pad systems in as close to the ‘Block 1’ configuration as possible." The changes announced in the press conference gave Artemis III a new role within the program: as an intermediate test mission rather than the first lunar landing of humans in more than 50 years.

More on Starlust

Build, buy or outsource? NASA recalibrates its acquisition strategy in the 2025 safety report

All hands on deck: The international collaboration behind Artemis II's SLS rocket and Orion capsule

MORE STORIES

Flight 13 will address issued faced in Flight 12, in addition to launching Starlink satellites.
4 hours ago
Every major failure over the years has been a harsh lesson about the dangers of space travel.
4 hours ago
Though nearly invisible, these tiny projectiles carry enough energy to critically damage spacecraft.
13 hours ago
Extensive testing has been carried out to ensure the spacecraft is robust enough for flight.
3 days ago
The mission will bridge a critical data gap on millimeter-sized orbital debris, which poses the greatest mission-ending penetration risk to low-Earth orbit spacecraft.
3 days ago
The launch will take place from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Here's everything to know.
3 days ago
Samples of the materials were sent to the International Space Station, where they were exposed to the harsh conditions of low-Earth orbit.
3 days ago
The company has made considerable progress on multiple fronts since the NG-4 hotfire test explosion.
4 days ago
The spacecraft had been in hibernation for close to a year, and is set to continue operations.
4 days ago