Artemis II completes translunar injection, leaves Earth orbit and heads toward the Moon

Orion hits critical milestone that sets spacecraft on planned free-return trajectory.
Earth’s crescent is seen from a solar array camera on the Orion spacecraft on the first flight day of the Artemis II mission. (Cover Image Source: NASA)
Earth’s crescent is seen from a solar array camera on the Orion spacecraft on the first flight day of the Artemis II mission. (Cover Image Source: NASA)

On the second day of its historic flight, the Artemis II mission officially left Earth orbit—for the first time since Apollo 17 in 1972—after Orion successfully completed the translunar injection burn (TLI). The maneuver began at 7:49 p.m. EDT and lasted 5 minutes and 50 seconds, establishing a clear trajectory to the Moon. The Artemis II mission management team gave the official “Go” for TLI, as Orion’s main engine produced nearly 6,000 lbs of thrust to provide the required push for the spacecraft to escape Earth orbit. This is similar to a car going from 0 to 60 mph in about 2.7 seconds.



The TLI burn is one of the most critical moments of the 10-day mission. The maneuver is responsible not just for sending Orion on its way to the Moon but also for setting it on a free-return trajectory back to Earth. It did so by producing a change in velocity by about 1,274 feet per second, pushing it out of Earth orbit. At the time of the burn, Orion weighed about 58,000 pounds, and the engine consumed roughly 1,000 pounds of fuel. During this burn, NASA’s flight controllers carefully monitored Orion’s engine, guidance, and navigation systems, as well as its alignment.



The TLI burn comes after the perigee raise burn (PRM), another key maneuver that lasted 43 seconds as Orion ignited its main engine to raise the lowest point of its orbit. PRM is crucial for placing the spacecraft into a stable high Earth orbit and preparing it for TLI. In other news, engineers also found the cause for the brief communications blackout between ground and crew when Orion reached orbit. It was due to a ground configuration issue with the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite, which was fixed quickly and didn’t affect the mission. The Artemis II crew was also reported to be working out on the flywheel exercise device, during which ground teams monitored Orion's air revitalization system, responsible for maintaining a breathable and comfortable cabin environment for the crew. 

Artemis II crew members Jeremy Hansen, Reid Wiseman, Christina Koch, and Victor Glover answer questions from reporters during the first downlink event of their mission. (Image Source: NASA)
Artemis II crew members Jeremy Hansen, Reid Wiseman, Christina Koch, and Victor Glover answer questions from reporters during the first downlink event of their mission. (Image Source: NASA/X)

Now that the flight path is set, NASA’s lunar science team will use a Lunar Targeting Plan to guide what the crew will look at on the Moon’s surface—like cracks and ridges—during their upcoming six-hour flyby on April 6. They will also observe a unique solar eclipse, as the Sun will be hidden from view as it moves behind the Moon, seen from Orion’s perspective.

More on Starlust

Artemis II completes proximity operations demonstration; Orion's perigee raise burn to follow

The Artemis II crew had a toilet scare aboard the Orion spacecraft

MORE STORIES

NASA has selected SpaceX to provide a fast data relay technology for the Artemis III mission.
1 day ago
SpaceX CEO Elon Musk said that the next launch attempt could take place early next week.
1 day ago
The servicing spacecraft experienced issues with its attitude control and communications but is now healthy.
2 days ago
If projections hold, scientists could do experiments in microgravity as easily as they do on Earth.
2 days ago
Besides revealing the mission requirements from its industry partners for Artemis III, NASA also lifted the curtain on operations that will become standard across the Artemis program.
2 days ago
July 16 this year marks the 57th anniversary of the historic Apollo 11 mission, which saw two men walk on the Moon.
2 days ago
Satellites that are retired in orbit have to undergo passivation, a process that reduces the chances of them exploding.
2 days ago
“It’s been a dream for aerospace medicine to have more than one imaging modality for diagnosing illnesses and injuries in space.”
3 days ago
Some key stages remain before BepiColombo's instruments sit in Mercury's orbit.
3 days ago
The newly arrived Soyuz MS-29 crew will spend approximately eight months on the International Space Station.
3 days ago